Data Dictionary

A data dictionary contains a set of precise and accurate definitions of all DFDs, data elements and data structures.
The following rules are followed in constructing a data dictionary:
a) The terms used to describe data structures are always in capital letters.
b) Multiple word names are hyphenated.
c) Names assigned should be straight forward and user-oriented.
d) There should [...]

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New Samsung B-3313

It a new launch of samsung in low range mobile phone. This phone having a look and also making a style statement of owner. The feature are also good and allow you to use some common internet application on internet. Side slide and having a qwerty keyboard.
Here Some information on this phone
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General

2G Network
GSM 850 / 900 / [...]

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Mouse with Troubleshooting

There are various models of mouse available in market.For example-normal traditional mouse with a rubber ball, optical mouse, wireless mouse etc.In Traditional mouse there are tons types of substances like dirt dust etc,which would induce troubles with tracks and balls of the mouse,it may cause the movement of the mouse slow.
While troubleshooting mouse,you need to [...]

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Why systems fail despite of careful planning

In many cases, systems fail even though the design of the system is good. Most systems fail because of one or more of the following reasons :

Lack of user-involvement or change of requirements : Users may not be helpful or may be unwilling to act responsible for the new system.
Contradictory objectives : It may be [...]

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Strategies and tactics in negotiating computer contracts

The computer contract includes all agreements , including verbal promises as a proof, after the system is installed or personnel changes have occurred. Contract negotiation is a legal process and the organization’s legal and financial experts should be involved in the process.
The contract should clearly mention the ownership of the computer-system so that there is [...]

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Software must be considered before hardware

The analyst must compare the features of different software packages with the requirements of the user. The factors to be considered are :

The amount of transactions and data need to be handled by the system in question.
The type of reports, documents and other output that need to be produced.
The files and databases that are required [...]

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Module Oriented approach

In this approach, a system is seen as a set of functions, data  and processes and their inter-relationships.
Maintenance is a costlier affair in this approach. Proper and detailed documentation is needed for modification of the system.
Repairing faults may require changes in more than one module. Also fault identification is difficult.
Reuse of code is limited and [...]

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Object Oriented approach

In this approach, a system is seen as a collection of objects, each with a functional purpose. These objects are interconnected to achieve a common objective.
It facilitates easy maintenance of system and at a low cost. This is because changes to algorithms used by an object does not affect other objects.
Repairing faults in the system [...]

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Virus Scanners and Vaccines

The most popular method used today is what is known as ‘scanning’ which is essentially searching for a virus by looking for a certain sequence of bytes which is unique to that virus: namely virus X could be identified by a sequence of bytes such as ABCD. For example, if you run a program which [...]

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The SQA (Software Quality Assurance ) Plan

The SQA plan provides a road map for instituting software quality assurance. Developed by the SQA group and the project team, the plan serves as a template for SQA activities that are instituted for each software project.
 ANSI/IEEE  Standards 730-1984 and 983-1986 SQA plans is defined as shown below :
                                I.            Purpose of Plan
                              II.            References
                            [...]

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Advantages of modular design

1. Some modules will be standard procedures used again and again in different programs or parts of the same program. These can be adopted easily in a larger system.
2. Since module is small, it is simpler to understand it as a unit of code. It is therefore easier to test and debug, especially if its [...]

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Top-down Design and Its advantages

Top-down design is the technique of breaking down a problem into the major tasks to be performed into smaller tasks. Each of these tasks is then further broken down into separate sub-tasks, and so on until each sub-task is sufficiently simple to be written as a self contained module or procedure. The program then consists [...]

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Data Couple and Control Couple

Data couple carries data between two modules and it can have upward or downward direction. Data flows are depicted using named arrows with a small circle at one end. But control couple only carries information about data couple and does not carry any data.
Control couple is always directed upwards because it shows the module which [...]

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A short note of Serial File

In a serial file, the records are placed one after the other. However, there is no specific order in the arrangement of these records. On a magnetic tape storage device, the records of a serial file are written along the length of the tape.
And on a magnetic disk, records are stored along the tracks, one [...]

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Direct Access File

A sequential file is not suitable for on-line enquiry. Suppose a customer at a bank wishes to know the balance amount in his savings account. If the customer file is organized sequentially, the record of this customer has to be obtained by searching sequentially, from this customer has to be obtained by searching sequentially from [...]

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