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Solar cells are also called “photovoltaic cells” or simple PVs; they get this name from the fact that photons (light) interact in the cell to caused electrons to flow to metal plates, so they produce a voltage. We’ll discuss how they do this in the next chapter, on quantum physics. Traditional solar cells were based [...]
Continue reading → (1) Where it is proved to the satisfaction of the Central Government that a person or an association of persons proposed to be registered under this Act as a limited company— (a) has for its objects the promotion of commerce, art, science, sports, education, research, social welfare, religion, charity or any such other object; (b) [...]
Continue reading → (1) A public company having a share capital shall not commence any business or exercise any borrowing powers unless— (a) a declaration is filed by a director or subscriber in such form and verified in such manner as may be prescribed, with the Registrar that every subscriber to the memorandum has paid the value of [...]
Continue reading → (1) Where no provision is made in the articles of a company for the appointment of the first directors, the subscribers to the memorandum who are individuals shall be deemed to be the first directors of the company until the directors are duly appointed in accordance with the provisions of this section. (2) Save as [...]
Continue reading → (1) The articles of a company shall contain regulations for the company. (2) The articles shall also contain such matters, as may be prescribed: Provided that nothing prescribed in this sub-section shall be deemed to prevent a company from including such additional matters in its articles as may be considered necessary for its management. (3) [...]
Continue reading → Arctic ice sheet is reacting very fast to global warming. Arctic is rapidly losing its ice because of global warming. As the temperatures continue to grow Arctic ice really has no chance for regrowth. In early August 2008 famous and 4500 years old Arctic’s Markham Ice Shelf separated because of higher temperatures. Arctic ice sheet [...]
Continue reading → Barack Obama’s climate chief said rather optimistic statement how the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will regulate carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power stations. Coal is still dominant energy source in United States, and the ones mostly responsible for US greenhouse gas emissions. This will be very interesting because among the last things George Bush [...]
Continue reading → Assessment year 2002-2003 incme chargeable under the head “incme from house property” shall be computed after making the follwing deductions, namely; (a) standard deduction:a sum equal to thirty per cent of the annual value; (b) interest on money borrowed: where the proterty has been acquired, constructed, repaired, renewed or reconstructed with bowwowed capital, the amount [...]
Continue reading → Any capital gain arising as a result of transfer of a short term capital asset is know as short term capital gain. According to section 2(42A) of the income tax act. ‘short-term’ capital asset means a capital asset hheld by an assessee for not more than thirty six months immediately preceding the date of its [...]
Continue reading → - to encourage and result in a better-administered system; to eliminate avenues of tax evasion; – to avoid under valation at all stages of production and distribution; – to clim credit on tax paid on inputs at each stage of value addition; – do away with cascading effect resulting in non distortion of the business [...]
Continue reading → The vale added tax(vat) is based on the value addition to the goode and the related vat liability of the dealer is calculated by deducting input tax credit from tax collected on sale during the payment period(say,a month). The white paper specified that registration under the vate act is not compulsory for the small dealers [...]
Continue reading → REGISTRATION Section 69 of the finance act, read with rule 4 of the service tax rules make provisions relating to registration. It is mandatory for every person liable to pay service tax to get registered with cuperindent of central excise. A person providing a taxable service is liable to pay service tax in terms of [...]
Continue reading → In the year 1994, when sevice tax was first introduced, it was levied on the uniform basis at the rate of 5% of the value of taxable services. The rate went upto 8% subsequently vide finance act,2003 w.e.f may 14,2003. w.e.f.10.9.2004, the rate of service tax was raised to 10% on the value of the [...]
Continue reading → Overcoming global warming challenge is one of the biggest and most demanding tasks in the history of humanity. China as the world’s biggest polluter and largest global warming contributor is one of the countries (together with United States) that will mean the difference between success and failure in fight against global warming. China’s greenhouse gas [...]
Continue reading → Many people mostly connect greenhouse gases with power plants and cars, but these two greenhouse gas sources, though most significant ones are not the only ones that cause global warming and climate change. One of the greenhouse gas sources that is often neglected is shipping. Shipping currently accounts for for 2.7% of global CO2 emissions, [...]
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